HS code-driven customs risk scoring

The HS code-driven customs risk scoringoverall structure of the engine (the overall structure of the engine and the key points of the structure) The engine is the heart of the car and the key component of whether the car can operate normally. The engine is responsible for converting fuel energy into mechanical energy and driving the car. Therefore, the structural design and manufacturing process of the engine directly affect the performance, fuel economy and environmental protection performance of the car. This article will introduce the overall structure of the engine, including the structural composition and structural points of the engine. I. Overall structure of the engine The overall structure of the engine includes: cylinder block, piston, crankshaft, connecting rod, valve, cylinder head, oil distribution system, ignition system, circulation system, intake system, exhaust system, etc. Among them, the cylinder block is one of the most important structures of the engine. It is the skeleton of the engine, which directly affects the structural strength and overall weight of the engine. It is usually manufactured by casting or forging.The engine cylinder block is usually composed of several cylinders and one body. The number can be determined according to the needs of the specific model, such as four-cylinder, six-cylinder, eight-cylinder, etc. Generally speaking, the more cylinders, the greater the engine power. The piston is one of the most important parts inside the engine. It combines with the cylinder block to form a cylinder, so the piston needs to have the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance and high temperature resistance. The piston is usually made of aluminum alloy material or composite material, and its structure includes two parts: the upper cover and the lower cover. The top design of the piston can be shaped according to different intake and exhaust needs to help improve the efficiency of the engine. The crankshaft is another very important part inside the engine, which is a device that converts the linear movement of the piston into rotational motion. The crankshaft converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into a rotating motion through the combination with the connecting rod and outputs it to the power transmission system.Crankshafts are usually made of steel, which has high strength and wear resistance. The connecting rod is a part that connects the piston to the crankshaft, with one end connected to the piston and the other end connected to the crankshaft. Connecting rods are generally made of steel, and the common ones are I-type, H-type, T-type, etc. Among them, the H-type connecting rod is used in high-power engines, which is stronger and can withstand greater pressure. The valve is a key component of the engine circulation system. It controls the airflow in the cylinder and regulates the intake and exhaust volume of the engine. The valve is usually made of steel or cast iron, which is divided into two types: intake valve and exhaust valve. The intake valve introduces air into the cylinder through the intake pipe, and the exhaust valve discharges the unnecessary exhaust gas. The cylinder head is the upper cover of the engine cylinder block. It is located at the top of the cylinder block and is usually made of cast iron or aluminum alloy. It has an intake valve and exhaust valve on it, and is equipped with parts such as camshaft and valve spring.The oil distribution system is an important part of the engine, which is divided into two systems: lubricating oil and cooling water. The main function of the lubrication system is to provide lubricating oil to the engine to reduce the friction and wear between parts and take away the heat generated by friction; the function of the cooling system is to provide cooling water for the engine and take away the heat generated by the engine. The ignition system is another important component of the car engine. Its main function is to ignite gasoline and make the engine run normally. The ignition system is generally composed of ignition coil, battery, ignition switch, spark plug and control circuit and other components. The circulation system is a system that provides air to the engine, in which the intake system is responsible for introducing air into the engine, while the exhaust system is responsible for discharging the exhaust gas from the engine. The intake system is usually composed of an air filter, intake pipe, throttle valve and intake manifold, while the exhaust system is composed of exhaust manifold, silencer and exhaust pipe and other components.II. Structural key points In the process of engine manufacturing, the following structural points need to be taken into account: 1. Determine the cylinder diameter and stroke ratio. Because the cylinder diameter and stroke ratio directly affect the displacement and power of the engine, it should be reasonably selected according to the actual needs of the model. Two. Determine the type and number of valve mechanisms. The design and manufacture of the valve mechanism has an important impact on the performance of the engine. It should be reasonably selected according to the engine type, number of cylinders, displacement and other factors. 3. Determine the type and working principle of the oil distribution system. The design and manufacture of the oil distribution system have a significant impact on the life and reliability of the engine. Reasonable selection should be made according to the working environment of the engine, oil use and requirements and other factors. Four. Choose the appropriate crankshaft and connecting rod structure. Since the crankshaft and connecting rod are important parts of the engine output power, their type and material should be determined according to the power, weight and other factors of the engine.In a word, as the core component of the automobile, the structural design and manufacturing quality of the engine directly affect the performance, economy and environmental protection of the automobile. Because each model and engine type are different, the structure of the engine is also different, and its structure and manufacturing process should be determined according to actual needs.

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